Bibliographies: 'Under tour' – Grafiati (2024)

Abstract:

The development of tourism in the Bandung become great opportunities for entrepreneurs in the tourism industry including tour and travel business, including Tour Operator. Tour Operator is a company that has activities on planning and organizing the trip for the purpose of tourism (tours). Marga Tour which is under the auspices of PT Marga Indonesia is offering tour packages as its products and services. In the years 2011-2013 the tour packages sales Marga Tour has decline. The solutions fot that problems, the managements of Marga Tour have strategy to put the name Marga Tour in the minds of consumers or in marketing theory called as brand positioning. Through the brand positioning “everyday is holiday”, Marga Tour hopes to increase sales of tour packages. The type of this study is descriptive and verificative, the sampling technique that is used is proportionate stratified random sampling. The sample size was calculated with the formula of Slovin and the result is 90 respondents. The data analysis technique used is the technique of path analysis. Based on the results of the statistical test result, the brand positioning “everyday is a holiday” which consists of defining and communicating the competitive frame of reference, points of parity and points of difference has influence towards purchase decisions of tour packages in Marga Tour Bandung, either simultaneously or partially.

Abstract:

On a tour of the Ivanpah Solar Power Facility in California’s Mojave Desert, the author discusses the risks and potential benefits of large solar farms like this one. The article is accompanied by stunning black and white photographs of the Ivanpah facility by Jamey Stillings.

Abstract:

Synopsis The dilemma down under is a two-party distributive negotiation with integrative potential. A large airline, Transpacific Airlines (TPA), created an internal tour operator brand named Transpacific Vacations as a separate profit center. After licensing its brand to Global Tour Services and establishing operations in the UK, negotiations to take over the internal tour operations of TPA-Australia are about to begin. The case involves the negotiation between Mr Edwards, representative of GTS, and Ms Bentley, representative of TPA-Australia. Research methodology The dilemma down under is based on a real negotiation with altered names and facts. All names of companies have been changed. All names of protagonists have been changed. The year of the case has also been altered. The case was created after an extensive interview with an individual engaged in the actual negotiation. Relevant courses and levels Students in courses related to negotiation and/or decision making. The case also works in international management/strategy courses where students are asked to apply market entry mode decisions along with the accompanying negotiations. The case is most appropriate for undergraduate courses, but can be used for graduate courses. The case can easily be used with common negotiation textbooks, such as Negotiation, 7th edition by Lewicki et al. (2014). Theoretical bases The exercise will be able to reinforce basic distributive negotiation concepts, including identifying issues, positions, interests, alternatives to a negotiated agreement, reservation (resistance) points, target (aspiration) points and opening bids, while at the same time challenge students to look for integrative potential among and across the issues. The case also provides an opportunity to explore the connection between negotiation and international market entry choice.

Abstract:

Every year our research group predicts winning times of all 21 Tour de France stages using a model that treats each stage as a series of inclined planes. We report here on our most recent modification to our model and its subsequent performance for the 2016 Tour de France, for which we predicted 14 stages to under 5% error, four of which were under 1% error. Our model is mainly focused on generating stage-time predictions, however, we also showcase how it accurately represents the rider speed throughout a given stage. We also report on the 2016 model’s performance applied to the last six Tours de France. This year’s model appears to have an accurate power function for the last four Tours de France; however, it over-predicted the power output for 2011 and 2012. We note a trend of better predictions for both mountain stages as well as stages occurring at the end of the race. We also provide a comparison of our current power model with an ideal power model to discuss these trends.

Abstract:

The productivity of individuals can be altered by cognitive environmental factors such as those that induce psychological pressure. The goal of this analysis is to determine the extent to which a selection of variables influences an individual’s perception of pressure and its subsequent effect on productivity. To do so, the performance of golfers under pressure on the PGA TOUR was proxied using the scrambling percentage statistic. Two regressions, one using data from players who were cut at the end of the second round and the other using data from players who were not cut at the end of the second round, were used to study how golfers’ scrambling percentage for a given round was influenced by changes in experience, time, rank, tournament prestige, and their expected future performance. An increase in variables representing tournament prestige, tournament round number, and player position on the leader board lead to an increase in pressure which in turn leads to poorer subsequent performance. On the other hand, an increase in player experience and the knowledge that a player would be cut at the end of the second round tend to decrease pressure and increase player performance.

Abstract:

The Tour De France (TDF) is the third largest sporting event in the world and the biggest cycling race in terms of popularity and prestige. The event generates global media exposure and attracts millions of short- and long-term visitors each year, thus, TDF is extremely appealing for communities in search of profits. Using Linear Directional Mean (LDM) and semi-structured interviews (community and organization sides), this paper analyzes how TDF has spatially evolved through time by comparing the 2021 racetrack to other time intervals. Additionally, reasons of the potential shift in terms of spatial distribution are investigated considering current issues due to the COVID-19 pandemic that has severely affected the tourism sector and therefore, the benefits that communities were expecting to perceive by hosting TDF. Findings showed that the 2021 route deviated from previous editions time of the TDF history including 10 new stage cities that never hosted the event before. The respondent from the organization indicated the pandemic only indirectly affected the TDF route and that the location of the Grand Départ as well as the main internal constraints imposed to the organizers are key elements in the spatial distribution of the event. Interviewed communities acknowledged that there was risk while hosting TDF this year due to potential restrictive measures. However, they recognized that benefits brought by the race largely overweight potential negative impacts from the epidemic. Indeed, TDF remains a way to bring economic benefits, social cohesion, happiness, pride and satisfaction to hosting cities at a time when the tourism industry is at a standstill.
Le Tour de France (TDF) est le troisième événement sportif au monde et la plus grande course cycliste en termes de popularité et de prestige. L’événement génère une exposition médiatique mondiale et attire chaque année des millions de visiteurs à court et à long terme. Le TDF est donc extrêmement attrayant pour les communautés à la recherche de profits. À l’aide de la Direction Moyenne Linéaire (MLD) et d’interviews semi-structurées (côté communauté et organisation), ce mémoire analyse l’évolution spatiale du TDF au fil du temps en comparant le parcours de 2021 à d’autres intervalles temporelles de la course. En outre, les raisons du changement potentiel en termes de distribution spatiale sont étudiées en tenant compte des problèmes actuels dus à la pandémie de COVID-19 ayant gravement affecté le secteur du tourisme et, par conséquent, les avantages que les communautés espéraient percevoir en accueillant le TDF. Les résultats ont montré que l’itinéraire de 2021 s’écarte des éditions précédentes de l’histoire du TDF en incluant 10 nouvelles villes étapes qui n’ont jamais accueilli l’événement auparavant. Le répondant de l’organisation a indiqué que la pandémie n’a affecté qu’indirectement le parcours du TDF et que l’emplacement du Grand Départ ainsi que les principales contraintes internes imposées aux organisateurs sont des éléments clés dans la répartition spatiale de l’événement. Les communautés interrogées ont reconnu qu’il y avait un risque à accueillir le TDF cette année en raison des mesures restrictives potentielles. Cependant, elles ont admis que les bénéfices apportés par la course surpassaient largement les impacts négatifs potentiels dus à l’épidémie. En effet, le TDF reste un moyen d’apporter des effets économiques positifs, de la cohésion sociale, du bonheur, de la fierté et de la satisfaction aux villes hôtes à un moment où l’industrie du tourisme est au point mort.

Abstract:

Golfbollen placeras i linje med den främre foten, inga andra moment får störa denna stund, denna boll ska bara iväg. Iväg och landa 270 meter fram på fairway efter det följer ett enkelt inspel och lyckas detta är första segern bärgad. Detta är ett scenario som många elitgolfspelare möts utav. Men hur ser egentligen vardagen ut för ett svenskt golfproffs. Idag skiljer sig miljön den enskilda individen befinner sig i avsevärt beroende på sport och vilken fas du befinner dig i karriären. Betydelsen av denna prestation kan ha olika stor påverkan beroende på en rad olika aspekter. Denna studie inriktar sig på svenska herrgolfspelare med en status som proffs och deras existensvillkor. Hur uppfattar dessa sin vardag och erfarenheter om vilka nyckelfaktorer som är avgörande för fortsatt satsning. Studien har genom kvalitativa intervjuer med golfspelarna skildrat deras verklighet och vad det är som leder, enligt dem, till en möjlighet som golfproffs. Studiens resultat visar en tydlig bild av en komplexitet kring den enskilde golfarens existensvillkor. Att kraven som ställs på spelarna är höga och det krävs en mångfacetterad golfspelare både på och utanför golfbanan som uppfyller alla dessa krav för att ta sig ut på de största tourerna i Europa och slu*tligen världen. Detta menar jag behöver belysas för att skildra de svenska golfspelarna vardag och möjligtvis visa på förändringsområden för att ge spelarna bättre förutsättningar till att ta sig ut till de högsta nivåerna i Europa och möjliggöra att fler svenskar når stora framgångar inom golfen.

Abstract:

Etre privé des faits de mémoire de son abandon, voire de son adoption, revient au fil des interactions sociales à ne pas être en mesure de répondre à l’interrogation récurrente de son corps, physique et social, et mène à chercher ses origines. Cette thèse prend appui sur la « recherche des origines », médiatisée à la fin des années 1990, en ce qu’elle constitue une confrontation de la personne abandonnée et/ou adoptée à l’Institution et à ses constructions sociales, dont l’enfant trouvé et l’adoption plénière, ici réinterrogées. Ainsi, la recherche révèle les enjeux relatifs à la défense contemporaine de l’accouchement « sous x ». Existant sous la forme d’une « mesure sociale » depuis au moins 1939 pour le Code de la Famille, il entre dans le Code civil en 1993, assorti de l’interdiction de recherche en maternité et défendu au nom de la paix des familles, comme un « droit de la femme » à ne pas être mère nécessitant un anonymat absolu et comme réponse aux demandes d’adoption. Pourtant, l’Histoire montre que, dès le XVIe siècle au moins, l’accouchement « sous x » prend la forme d’une pratique « anarchique » féminine qui répond à un renforcement de la morale matrimoniale, laquelle contraint les femmes à se cacher pour abandonner un enfant conçu en dehors de la règle. D’autre part, le contexte social contemporain dans lequel cette pratique devient un droit civil individuel féminin, défendu notamment par des catholiques anti-avortement et certaines féministes, est à contre courant de cette période puisqu’au contraire il laisse envisager l’éviction du mariage comme cadre de la filiation, effectivement réalisée en 2005, et la progression d’un droit de l’Homme en dehors de tout dogmatisme nationaliste au profit de l’enfant et au détriment de toutes discriminations ou trafics d’êtres humains. Cette thèse interroge cette incongruité, retraçant une généalogie de l’accouchement « sous x » qui met au jour deux voies parallèles dans son élaboration institutionnelle, l’une publique et l’autre privée
To be deprived of the facts of memory of its abandonment, even of its adoption, amounts, to the thread of social interactions, not being able to answer the recurrent questioning of its body, physical and social, and leads to seek its origins. This thesis is based on the "search for origins", publicized in the late 1990s, in that it constitutes a confrontation of the abandoned and / or adopted person with the Institution and its social constructions, including the child found and full adoption, here re-interrogated. Thus, the research reveals the issues relating to the contemporary defense of childbirth "under x". Existing in the form of a "social measure" since at least 1939 for the Family Code, childbirth "under x" entered the Civil Code in 1993, accompanied by the « ban on research in maternity » and defended, in the name of the peace of families, as a " woman’s right " at not to be a mother, requiring absolute anonymity and as a response to requests for adoption. However, History shows that, from at least the sixteenth century, childbirth "under x" takes the form of an "anarchic" female practice in answer to a strengthening of the moral of marriage, which constrains women to hide for abandon a child conceived outside the rule. On the other hand, the contemporary social context in which this practice becomes an individual female civil right, defended in particular by some anti-abortion Catholics and certain feminists, is against the tide of this period. Indeed, on the contrary, this context suggests the eviction of marriage as a framework for filiation in legislation, effectively carried out in 2005, and the progression of a human right outside of any nationalist dogmatism for the benefit of the child and to the detriment of all discrimination or of trafficking in human beings. This thesis questions this incongruity by retracing a genealogy of childbirth "under x" which reveals two parallel paths in its institutional development, one public and the other private

Abstract:

My dissertation on Cuban tourism links political, economic, social, and cultural history to show how the development of tourism on the island between 1945 and 2007 has been crucial in helping to cultivate identities for Cuba and the Cuban people on multiple levels. I focus on three distinct periods - 1945 to 1958, 1959 to 1979, and 1980 to 2007. While significant shifts occurred within each of these three phases, this periodization best illuminates the relationship between tourism development and identity. The fall of the Soviet Union, for example, certainly altered the pace of the industry's growth. Arrivals soared beginning in the 1990s, yet much of the institutional framework for conditioning the relationships between touristic actors had been established years earlier. Cuban planners had begun to target a range of specific markets by 1980, over a decade before the economic strife of the 'Special Period' in the early 1990s virtually forced them to move in this direction. For the entire period between 1945 and 2007, tourism and Cuban identity were linked in two very important ways. Tourism provided a lens for foreign visitors to view the island, its people, and its culture; to know what it meant to be Cuban. As well, the industry offered a framework for powerful interests to control the behaviors of Cuban citizens; to instruct them on how to be Cuban.

Abstract:

The purpose of this investigation is to scrutinise archaeological finds in funeral contexts in the province of Gästrikland, Sweden, and categorize them into one of the three phases in the phenomenological model of “rites de passage”. This method has been applied by the archaeologist Tore Artelius on finds discovered at a grave field in Halland; Sannagård. Following questions are addressed: What happened to the deceased person? Where did he/she go? Which God came to meet him/her? Or did he/she perhaps stay in the grave? To answer these questionst I have used Old Norse written sources and ideas produced in the field of history of religions.

Abstract:

La sénescence est induite suite à l’érosion télomérique, l’activation d’oncogènes ou en réponse à la chimiothérapie. Ce mécanisme de suppression tumorale empêche la prolifération de cellules anormales et la transformation. Cependant, certains travaux ont montré qu’en réponse à la chimiothérapie la sénescence constitue davantage un mécanisme d’adaptation permettant aux cellules tumorales d'échapper. Ainsi, nous avons caractérisé de nouveaux mécanismes d’échappement permettant de définir une hétérogénéité de sénescence. Lors de nos études, nous avons observé que la stabilité de ce mécanisme suppressif est régulée épigénétiquement par EZH2. Cette méthylase module l’expression d’AP2M1, une protéine d’endocytose nécessaire à l’échappement. La pérennité de la sénescence est également modulée par les facteurs sécrétés du SASP tels que la TSP1. Cette glycoprotéine limite, par interaction avec son récepteur CD47, l’émergence de cellules persistantes. La réduction de l’expression de ce récepteur favorise alors l'échappement à la sénescence. Enfin, la biosynthèse des ARNt module également la stabilité de ce mécanisme suppressif. Lors de l’émergence de cellules persistantes, mTOR favorise l’expression d’ARNt spécifiques et la résolution du stress protéique. L’expression des ARNt-ligases correspondantes est alors nécessaire à l’échappement. Ainsi, la sénescence est plus hétérogène que ce qui était initialement décrit. Sa stabilité est perturbée par l’expression de régulateurs épigénétiques, de protéines de l’endocytose, de récepteurs spécifiques et par la dérégulation de la biosynthèse d’ARNt
Senescence is induced as a result of telomeric shortening, activation of oncogenes or in response to chemotherapy. This tumour suppression mechanism prevents the proliferation of abnormal cells and transformation. However, some studies have shown that in response to chemotherapy, senescence is more of an adaptation mechanism allowing tumour cells to escape. Thus, we have characterized new escape mechanisms allowing to define senescence heterogeneity. During our studies, we observed that the stability of this suppressive mechanism is epigenetically regulated by EZH2. This methylase modulates the expression of AP2M1, an endocytosis protein required for escape. The stability of senescence is also modulated by secreted SASP factors such as TSP1. By interaction with its receptor CD47, this glycoprotein limits the emergence of persistent cells. The reduction in the expression of this receptor then favours the escape of senescence. Finally, tRNA biosynthesis also modulates the stability of this suppressive mechanism. During the emergence of persistent cells, mTOR promotes the expression of specific tRNAs and the resolution of protein stress. The expression of the corresponding tRNA ligases is then required for escape. Thus, senescence is more heterogeneous than initially described. Its stability is disturbed by the expression of epigenetic regulators, endocytosis proteins, specific receptors and by the deregulation of tRNA biosynthesis

Abstract:

Gastronomic activities like tasting of local cuisines, visiting of apple orchards, tea gardens, fruit marts, and attending cookery classes have always been an integral part of tour itinerary in Himachal Pradesh. Tourists rejoice it as a means of entertainment as well as cultural learning. The growing trend of gastronomy tourism and development of specific tourism policy under the theme of ‘Agro/Organic Tourism' is certainly going to increase the demand for ‘gastronomic tour guides' in coming years. Hence the present research tries to analyse the tour guides' perception about Gastronomy Tourism in Himachal Pradesh, their background knowledge, and opinion about the branding of Himachali Cuisine. Responses from 120 tour guides were collected through a survey instrument via convenience sampling. The analysis depicts the requirement of specialized food guide training programs, attracting young and women tour guides into the profession and emphasis on branding of Himachali Cuisine through listing of ethnic restaurants, preparation of gastronomic map, and organisation of culinary tours and events.

Abstract:

This book has shown how authors, publishers, and readers all operate in different fields, rather than occupy a single “literary field.” Through her author tour and occasional fan mail, Cornelia Nixon gained a window into the field of reception. For Counterpoint Press, the decision to publish Jarrettsville had not been a mistake, but it had not earned enough to cover many losses on what would be inevitable future mistakes. For some of the readers of Jarrettsville, the book became an occasional reference point in their future reading and socializing. This conclusion reconsiders the studies of creation, production, and reception and examines the exogenous forces of change that explain the evolution of these three interdependent fields. In particular, it discusses the path from Anne Rice's 1976 Interview with the Vampire to E. L. James's 2011 Fifty Shades of Grey. Finally, it asks whether books are special objects; for example, as status symbols.

Abstract:

Pinellas County Utilities – Solid Waste Operations was formed in the mid-seventies as a partnership between Pinellas County and the 24 cities within the county. Under this partnership, the County took responsibility for the management and disposal of all solid waste generated within Pinellas County.

Abstract:

The Traveling Tournament Problem is a well-known benchmark problem in tournament timetabling, which asks us to design a schedule of home/away games of n teams (n is even) under some feasibility requirements such that the total traveling distance of all the n teams is minimized. In this paper, we study TTP-2, the traveling tournament problem where at most two consecutive home games or away games are allowed, and give an effective algorithm for n/2 being odd. Experiments on the well-known benchmark sets show that we can beat previously known solutions for all instances with n/2 being odd by an average improvement of 2.66%. Furthermore, we improve the theoretical approximation ratio from 3/2+O(1/n) to 1+O(1/n) for n/2 being odd, answering a challenging open problem in this area.

Abstract:

Reverse logistics is an area that has come under increased scrutiny in recent years as legislators and companies try to increase the amount of goods that businesses reuse and recycle. The vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery arises when firms want to reduce handling costs by dealing with deliveries and returns in one operation. This is a complex problem for planners who aim to minimise the vehicle route length as the vehicle load rises and falls during a tour of facilities. This paper investigates the use of Ant Colony Optimisation to find solutions to this problem. An algorithm combining elements of three different studies is proposed. The algorithm finds results within 0.2% of the best known results and performs well for half of the benchmark problems, but needs further work to reach the same level on the other half. It is found that the proposed changes can have up to a 3.1% improvement in results when compared to previous methods run on this algorithm.

Abstract:

The University College Cork (UCC) Open Arboretum Project aims to re-imagine the original purpose of the University’s tree collection – as a teaching tool. The arboretum represents a unique on-campus learning space which has been under-utilised for teaching in recent times. The arboretum has the capacity to engage students, staff and visitors in a tangible way with important global issues (e.g. the climate emergency and biodiversity loss). It is also an opportunity to combat ‘plant blindness’, i.e. the ambivalence shown to plants in our environment compared to often charismatic animal species. Wandersee and Schussler (1999) coined the term “plant blindness” to describe the preference for animals rather than plants that they saw in their own biology students. Knapp (2019) has argued that, in fact, humans are less ‘plant blind’ and more ‘everything-but-vertebrates-blind’ with school curricula and television programming over-emphasising the role of vertebrates at the expense of other groups of organisms. Botanic gardens and arboreta have long been used for educational purposes. Sellman and Bogner (2012) have shown that learning about climate change in a botanic garden led to a significant shortterm and long-term knowledge gain for high-school students compared to students who learned in a classroom setting. There is also evidence that learning outside as part of a science curriculum results in higher levels of overall motivation in the students and a greater feeling of competency (Dettweiler et al., 2017). The trees in the UCC collection, like other urban trees also provide a range of benefits outside of the educational sphere. Large, mature trees, with well-developed crowns and large leaf surface area have the capacity to store more carbon than smaller trees. They provide shade as well as food and habitats for animal species as well providing ‘symbolic, religious and historic’ value in public common spaces. Such benefits have recently been summarised by Cavender and Donnolly (2019) and aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 11, Sustainable Cities and Communities by Turner-Skoff and Cavender (2019). A stakeholder survey has been conducted to evaluate how the tree collection is currently used and a tour of the most significant trees in the collection has been developed. The tour encourages participants to explore the benefits of plants through many lenses including recreation, medicine and commemoration. The open arboretum project brings learning beyond the classroom and acts as an entry point for learning in a variety of disciplines, not least plant science and environmental education generally.